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BET Surface Area Analyzer cryoTune

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Code: #19404

Supplier: 3P Instruments GmbH & Co. KG

Allows coolant adjustment to temperatures of 82 – 323 K for pore analysis on different instruments of all manufacturers. Allows micropore and BET surface analysis according to the IUPAC recommendations with Argon isotherms at 87 K.

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  • Realization of measuring temperatures for sorption experiments from 82 K – 323 K

    The cryoTune series opens new horizons for gas sorption measurements. It offers the possibility for almost all volumetric sorption instruments, no matter if newer or older production dates, to follow the ISO 9277 /1/ for BET measurements as well as the IUPAC recommendation for micropore characterization /2/. Both publications explain that noble gases, unlike the nitrogen molecule, have no quadrupole moment and spherical symmetry. Therefore, the adsorption of noble gas atoms results from a pure van-der-Waals interaction and the atoms do not have different orientations on the adsorbent surface.

     
     The cryoTune series requires only liquid nitrogen for cooling and allows a temperature range of 82 – 323 K. With the cryoTune 87, e.g. measurements for the determination of specific surfaces at Ar 87 K or Kr 120 K can be performed to obtain scientifically correct results. The cryoTune also allows the sorption of various other measuring gases at their boiling point or other arbitrary temperatures. Due to this unique flexibility, pure gas isotherms of methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, oxygen, carbon dioxide, SF6, etc. can be measured and thermodynamic calculations can be performed at different temperatures. The following table shows the different adsorptives, their boiling termperatures, the density of the liquid adsorptive ρLiquid, the critical diameter of the atom/molecule, the space requirement for one adsorbate atom or molecule am, the saturation pressure p0 and the non-ideality factor of the real gases Fni.

  • AdsorptiveBoiling point T / KρLiquid / g cm-3 Critical diameter of atom/molecule / nm /3/am for BET surface from ρLiquid *4 / nm2p0 / kPa

    Non-ideality factor Fni of the adsorptive *3

    Ar

    		 87 1.39 0.34 0.143 101 4.27·10-5

    Kr

    		 120 2.41 0.36 0.163 101

    3.83·10-5

    Xe

    		 165 2.94 0.41 0.192 101

    3.71·10-5

    SF6

    		 209 1.91 0.67 0.276 101

    3.87·10-5

    CH4

    		 112 0.42 0.40 0.174 101

    4.26·10-5

    Ethane

    		 184 0.54 0.44 0.223 101

    3.86·10-5

    Propane

    		 231 0.58 0.49 0.275 101

    3.93·10-5

    n-Butane

    		 273 0.60 0.49 0.322 101

    4.05·10-5
    O2 90 1.14 0.28 0.141 101

    4.09·10-5

    N2

    		 77 0.81 0.30 0.162 101

    5.21·10-5
    CO2 195*1 1.26 0.28 0.164*2 188*2

    2.09·10-5
    Ethene 196 0.58 0.39 0.203 101

    3.71·10-5
    CO 82 0.94 0.37 0.147 101

    5.11·10-5
    NH3 240 0.70 0.29 0.128 101

    4.17·10-5
    iso-Butane2610.590.510.325101

    1.71·10-5

     
    *1…sublimation point
    *2…p0 and ρLiquid of the undercooled liquid
    *3…mean value from van der Waals- und Bethelot equations
    *4…calculated according to:
     
     

    Although a cryoTune can work as stand-alone without a PC, it is delivered with software that can display and record the real time temperature. The cryoTune series consists of three versions, which can be purchased individually or as a package:

     

    The cryoTune 87 is connected to a measuring station of your sorption device. If you have a multi-station device in use, it is possible to connect several cryoTunes. The temperature range covers 82 – 135 K, making the cryoTune 87 the standard option for Ar 87 K measurements for surface and pore analysis recommended in ISO 9277 and IUPAC recommendation of 2015.

     

    The cryoTune 195 is the cryoTune version for isotherm measurements in the range of 180 – 323 K. This allows CO2 measurements in particular, but also measurements of other adsorptives such as ethane or propane at their boiling temperatures. For such measurements you neither need a refrigeration thermostat, nor a dry ice refrigeration mixture nor a double-walled additional Dewar. Among others, the cryoTune 195 enables the following CO2 measurement possibilities:

    • CO2 adsorption at 273 K
    • CO2 adsorption at 195 K up to a relative pressure of ca. p/p0= 0.5 (the entire micropore filling including the BET range can be detected, e.g. for ultra-micropores, where N2 at 77 K is not applicable)
    • Measurement of isotherm sets at different temperatures for thermodynamic evaluations, e.g. in the ranges around 273 K or 195 K or over the entire temperature range

    The cryoTune 120 completes the cryoTune series and enables long-term measurements especially in the range 115 K (boiling temperature of krypton) over 165 K (boiling temperature of xenon) up to 230 K. The combination cryoTune 87 and 120 thus allows the use of three noble gases at their boiling temperature: Argon 87 K, Krypton 120 K and Xenon 165 K, as well as a multitude of other measurement possibilities with Ar, O2, methane, ethane or propane.

    • Temperature range 82 K – 323 K
    • Temperature stability ± 0,004 K (standard deviation)
    • easy-to-use software for data acquisition, display, analysis and archiving
    • up to three cryoTune devices can be controlled by the software via a single USB port
    • the universal cryoTune can be used with any commercial gas sorption device that accepts external temperature control for sorption measurements

 

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